Introduction

Pregnancy occurs when a sperm fertilizes an egg after it’s released from the ovary during ovulation. The embryo then travels down into the uterus, where implantation occurs. A successful implantation leads to Pregnancy.

On average, a full-term pregnancy lasts 40 weeks. There are many factors which will affect a pregnancy. Women who receive an early pregnancy diagnosis and prenatal care are more likely to experience a healthy pregnancy and provide birth to a healthy baby.

Knowing what to expect during the complete pregnancy term is vital for monitoring both your health and therefore the health of the baby. If you’d wish to prevent pregnancy, there also are effective sorts of contraception you ought to confine mind.

Symptoms of pregnancy

You may notice some signs and symptoms before you even take a bioassay. Others will appear weeks later, as your hormone levels change.

Missed period

A missed period is one among the earliest symptoms of pregnancy (and maybe the foremost classic one). However, a missed period doesn’t necessarily mean you’re pregnant, especially if your cycle tends to be irregular.There are many health conditions aside from pregnancy which will cause a late or missed period.

Headache

Headaches are common in early pregnancy. They’re usually caused by altered hormone levels and increased blood volume. Contact your doctor if your headaches don’t get away or are especially painful.

Spotting

Some women may experience light bleeding and spotting in early pregnancy. This bleeding is most frequently the results of implantation. Implantation usually occurs one to 2 weeks after fertilization.Early pregnancy bleeding also can result from relatively minor conditions like an infection or irritation. The latter often affects the surface of the cervix (which is extremely sensitive during pregnancy).Bleeding also can sometimes signal a significant pregnancy complication, like miscarriage, extrauterine pregnancy, or pregnancy. Always contact your doctor if you’re concerned.

Weight gain

You can expect to realize between 1 and 4 pounds in your first few months of pregnancy. Weight gain becomes more noticeable toward the start of your trimester.

Pregnancy-induced hypertension

High vital sign, or hypertension, sometimes develops during pregnancy. Variety of things can increase your risk, including:

Ø Being overweight or obese

Ø Smoking

Ø Having a previous history or a case history of pregnancy-induced

Heartburn

Hormones released during pregnancy can sometimes relax the valve between your stomach and esophagus. When stomach acid leaks out, this will end in heartburn.

Constipation

Hormone changes during early pregnancy can hamper your gastrointestinal system. As a result, you'll become constipated.

Cramps

As the muscles in your uterus begin to stretch and expand, you'll feel a pulling sensation that resembles menstrual cramps. If spotting or bleeding occurs alongside your cramps, it could signal a miscarriage or an extra uterine pregnancy .

Back pain

Hormones and stress on the muscles are the most important causes of back pain in early pregnancy. Later on, your increased weight and shifted center of gravity may increase your back pain. Around half all pregnant women report back pain during their pregnancy.

Anemia

Pregnant women have an increased risk of anemia, which causes symptoms like lightheadedness and dizziness.The condition can cause premature birth and low birth weight. Prenatal care usually involves screening for anemia.

Depression

Between 14 and 23 percent of all pregnant women develop depression during their pregnancy. The various biological and emotional changes you experience are often contributing causes.Be sure to inform your doctor if you don’t desire your usual self.

Insomnia

Insomnia is another common symptom of early pregnancy. Stress, physical discomfort, and hormonal changes are often contributing causes. A diet, good sleep habits, and yoga stretches can all assist you get an honest night’s sleep.

Breast changes

Breast changes are one among the primary noticeable signs of pregnancy. Even before you’re far enough along for a positive test, your breasts may begin to feel tender, swollen, and usually heavy or full. Your nipples can also become larger and more sensitive, and therefore the areolae may darken.

Acne

Because of increased androgen hormones, many ladies experience acne in early pregnancy. These hormones can make your skin oilier, which may clog pores. Pregnancy acne is typically temporary and clears up after the baby is born.

Vomiting

Vomiting may be a component of “morning sickness,” a standard symptom that sometimes appears within the primary four months. Nausea is usually the primary sign that you’re pregnant. Increased hormones during early pregnancy are the most cause.

Hip pain

Hip pain is common during pregnancy and tends to extend in late pregnancy. It can have a spread of causes, including:

Ø Pressure on your ligaments

Ø Sciatica

Ø Changes in your posture

Ø A heavier uterus

Stress and pregnancy

While pregnancy is typically a cheerful time, it also can be a source of stress. A new baby means big changes to your body, your personal relationships, and even your finances. Don’t hesitate to ask your doctor for help if you begin to feel overwhelmed.

Pregnancy and urinary tract infections (UTIs)

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common complications women experience during pregnancy. Bacteria can get inside a woman’s urethra, or urinary tract, and can move up into the bladder. The fetus puts added pressure on the bladder, which can cause the bacteria to be trapped, causing an infection.

Symptoms of a UTI usually include pain and burning or frequent urination. You may also experience:

Ø cloudy or blood-tinged urine

Ø pelvic pain

Ø lower back pain

Ø fever

Ø nausea and vomiting

Pregnancy prevention

Women who have male sexual partners should consider contraception if they’re not curious about becoming pregnant.Some methods of pregnancy prevention work better surely individuals. Talk to your doctor about birth control that’s right for you. A few of the most common birth control methods are discussed below:

Intrauterine devices (IUDs)

Ø The pill and other hormonal birth control methods

Ø Condoms and other barrier methods

Ø Emergency contraception

Ø Natural family planning (NFP)

Pregnancy or PMS

The symptoms of early pregnancy can often mimic those of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). It may be difficult for a lady to understand if she’s pregnant or just experiencing the onset of another menstrual period.It’s important for a woman to know as soon as possible if she’s pregnant so that she can get proper prenatal care. She may also want to make certain lifestyle changes, such as abstaining from alcohol, taking prenatal vitamins, and optimizing her diet.

Taking a pregnancy test is the best, and easiest, way to determine if it’s PMS or early pregnancy. You can take a home test or visit your healthcare provider.

Some common symptoms of both PMS and early pregnancy includes:

Ø breast pain

Ø bleeding

Ø mood changes

Ø fatigue

Ø food sensitivities

Ø cramping

Pregnancy diet

A healthy pregnancy diet should be much the same as your typical healthy diet, only with 340 to 450 additional calories per day. Aim for a healthy mix of foods, including:

Ø complex carbohydrates

Ø protein

Ø vegetables and fruits

Ø grains and legumes

Ø healthy fats

If you already eat a healthy diet, you’ll only need to make slight changes. Fluids, fiber, and iron-rich foods are especially important during pregnancy.

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