Overview

Nephrocalcinosis may be a disorder during which there's an excessive amount of calcium deposited within the kidneys. It is common in premature babies.

Causes

Any disorder that results in high levels of calcium within the blood or urine may cause nephrocalcinosis. In this disorder, calcium deposits within the kidney tissue itself. Most of the time, both kidneys are affected.
Nephrocalcinosis is said to, but not an equivalent as, kidney stones (nephrolithiasis).

Conditions that can cause nephrocalcinosis include:

Ø  Alport syndrome

Ø  Bartter syndrome

Ø  Chronic glomerulonephritis

Ø  Familial hypomagnesemia

Ø  Medullary sponge kidney

Ø  Primary hyperoxaluria

Ø  Renal transplant rejection

Ø  Renal tubular acidosis (RTA)

Ø  Renal cortical necrosis

Other possible causes of nephrocalcinosis include:

Ø  Ethylene glycol toxicity

Ø  Hypercalcemia (excess calcium in the blood) due to hyperparathyroidism

Ø  Use of certain medicines, such as acetazolamide, amphotericin B, and triamterene

Ø  Sarcoidosis

Ø  Tuberculosis of the kidney and infections related to AIDS

Ø  Vitamin D toxicity

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